About Scarification:

Decorative scarification through various means (which can include cutting, burning, electro-cautery, abrading, or applying chemicals to the skin) is probably the oldest continually practiced body modification/art.

*Cutting: Cutting the skin with a sharp object (stone, steel, thorn) to create a scar.
*Flesh Removal: Cutting the skin and peeling the surface of the skin.
*Branding: Burning the skin to create a scar.